ILO's Special Action Programme on Social and Labour Issues 
in export processing zones

CONCLUSIONS

The world of investment and trade is getting smaller, more transparent and integrated. It is also intensifying competition for investment and products. It is a competitive jungle in which it is no longer the large which eat the small, but the quick which eat the slow. This places a heavy onus on governments, investors and workers to develop an environment in which they can operate and innovate quickly and effectively. Not only does each of the three have to improve their performance, they have to do so in a coordinated, complimentary and synergistic way, which suggests a greater degree of tripartite cooperation in zones at the planning, implementation and monitoring stages. People, their knowledge and creativity, and the information at their disposal, are critical to the ability of countries and enterprises to compete, and those are priority areas in which strategic investments are urgently required.

Globalization, with its increased competition in investment and product markets, and the changes in how companies structure themselves and organize their production, combined with the contingent factors mentioned above, can lead to an improvement in the employment relationship, that is in labour relations, human resource development, terms and conditions of work. This is a trend identified in the most innovative firms, against which many other enterprises are benchmarking themselves, and we therefore hope to see this trend extended ie. More and more firms will innovate in their employment relationship in order to meet the demands of global competition.